MinnSpec

Making a Language – ESP Workshop Notes

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  • How to start? Know or study a second language
    • Studying a second language provides ideas on structure and illustrates the oddities of your native tongue.
    • Use Duolingo for free to learn the major differences between another language and your own.
    • You do not need to speak the second language at a conversational level.
  • Determine your goal
    • Are you creating the second language for the joy of creating a language or for use in a work of literature?
    • If for use in a work of literature, remember this is world building. Acknowledge the world building/writing trade off you are willing to make.
  • Just like writing, language construction can be pantsed or planned.
    • Pantsing languages can lead to inconsistencies.
  • There are different approaches to planning languages.
  • Planning for a story

Learning Arabic with the primary goal of transcribing it influenced the order I created my framework. The basics below provided enough structure to create the words and sentences I needed.

  • The basic structure
    • The alphabet
      • Phonetics
      • Script
        • The script can be tackled closer to publication.
    • Verbs
      • Some guides address verbs after nouns and pronouns
      • root verbs
      • verb tenses
      • verb moods
      • verb forms
    • Noun derivation
    • Possessive
    • Adjective derivation
    • Pronouns
    • Numbering system
    • Sentence structure

Additional comments from the round table

  • Consider the influence of the world the language exists in
    • I.e., a desert planet could have a lot of words for sand
  • Consider relations with others
    • “Second” sister
    • birth order
  • Use your language structure for names, titles and places
    • How are people named?
    • After something
    • Number of names
    • Secret names
  • Add words borrowed from other languages of your world.
    • Think about how languages mix as people do.
    • Who conquered who?
    • Who was a trading nation?
  • Change some words to account for the passage of time.
  • How to embed the language
    • Have a character who translates
    • Follow a block of the language by its translation
    • Slip in word or short phrase in text where the context is obvious
    • Phonetic guide as bonus on website (not in the book/story)
  • Current robust constructed languages
    • Elvish – Tolkien
    • Klingon – Star Trek
    • Dothraki – Game of Thrones
    • Lapine  – Watership Down
    • Na’vi –  Avatar
    • Alienese – Futurama

Resources

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To Pen Name or Not to Pen Name? – ESP Workshop Notes

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ESP’s June 2018 workshop focused on pen names.

What are reasons some people use a pen name?

  • Genre considerations – Working across different genres
    • Writing in science fiction, fantasy and horror with one name isn’t uncommon
      • Dan Simmons
      • Stephen King
    • Different pen names are recommended for romance erotica.
      • I have a theory, the negative impact of that may be more on the romance side than the speculative fiction because of the HEA/HFN pledge.
  • Privacy
    • The desire to keep your personal life separate from your public persona
    • Writings might impact your other job
      • You work with children and write adult content
    • Don’t want your personal opinions to be affiliated with your books
  • Common real name
    • Smith, Johnson, etc
  • Famous person already has your name
  • Infamous person already has your name
    • Imagine writing children’s literature with the name Lizzie Borden
  • You don’t like your name
    • Ordinary name
    • Unusual name
    • Often mispronounced
    • You just don’t like it
  • Gender
    • Your genre accepts a specific gender more readily
  • Ethnicity
    • Changing your name to closer match your ethnicity
      • Assuming an ethnic name of an ethnicity you are not specifically to sell to that market is considered not acceptable
  • Adopt a different personility
  • Branding
    • Match your genre better

Potential complications

  • Using the wrong name
    • Difficulties increase with multiple pen names
  • Taking on a different persona
    • Trying to keep the persona straight
  • Multiple pen names, people finding your work
  • Being discovered/discredited especially if using an ethnicity not of your own
  • Building a brand for multiple names
  • Getting paid, doing business as (endorsements)

Ways of picking a pen name

  • Baby name lists
    • Often have meanings of names
  • Random name generators
  • Put letters together and sound it out
  • Pick a noun
  • Base on another language
  • Pick from a language you created

What do to do after picking a name or list of names

  • Google it
    • Are there any meanings you don’t want to be associated with
    • Is it more common than you want
  • Read it to yourself
    • How does it read?
  • Read it aloud
    • Does it pronounce smoothly?
  • Have a friend read it to you
  • Check what domain names are available

After picking a name, register a domain name. Even if you don’t plan on building a platform immediately. Waiting to purchase a domain name gives others a chance to register it before you.

 

 

 

 

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Scene – MSP Workshop Notes

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  • Each scene is a micro-story in itself containing:
    • Purpose
    • An inciting incident
    • Tension
    • Conclusion
  • Starting a scene
    • Launching a scene
      • characters
      • action
      • narrative
      • setting
    • Vary the beginning of scenes just like you vary your sentence structure.
    • Starting with dialog
      • Sacrifices grounding
        • Ground your readers as soon as possible after the dialog
      • Adds energy
      • Could be too much tension up front
        • How can you escalate tension?
  • The middle of a scene has one of three things:
    • Withhold
    • Element of danger
    • Reveal
  • Tension and plot
    • Scenes can be used to establish the status quo as a set up break the status quo.
    • The Jim Butcher model states that scenes are an action or reaction.
    • A scene exists if it in some way shape or form advances the story.
    • Use Want -> But -> Therefore for advancement of the story.
    • Scenes contain cause and effect that help advance a plot.
  • The first scene
    • is the most important scene because people who aren’t familiar with your work are going to buy or not buy your book on that scene.
    • is a promise to your reader how the end of the book is going to hack their brain.
  • The last scene
    • For novels, the last scene should end on a reaction.
    • For short stories, the last scene should end on an action.
  • General
    • Suggested one scene per chapter
    • The entrance or exit is relative to where the scene before it ends and after it begins.
    • Dwell on important stuff
      • The specific things you focus on will set the readers mindset.
    • Establish stakes or goals
      • Your character should have a goal.
  • What a scene is not
    • Infodump
      • The whole point of the scene is to reveal information
      • This is different than a “reveal” similar to “Luke I am your father!”
    • Dialog only
    • Often transportation to the scene is included when not necessary.
  • What is your favorite scene?
    • Awkward character meetings
    • Scenes that are descriptive and seminal for the character
      • Catniss going into the arena
  • Recommended books or resources

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Dialog – MSP Workshop Notes

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Notes from the MinnSpec May workshop on dialog.

  • Some examples and terms are pulled from the Turkey City Lexicon
    • A list of common problems in speculative fiction dialog
    • Brenda Starr dialog
      • Disembodied dialog
      • Dialog consisting of just quotation marks down the page
      • This type of dialog makes following who is speaking difficult
      • When there is dialog with no attributions, there is a loss of opportunity.
        • There is the loss of stage action. There is a lost opportunity for sparks to fly.
      • Brenda Starr dialog is a film problem too. There is an example by screen writer Stephen J Cannell.
  • People rarely just talk
    • Use dialog heavy scenes from television as an example
      • Babylon 5 Sheridan capture
      • West World robots being interrogated
      • Where are they?
      • What are they doing?
      • Who is saying what?
      • Does the scene have momentum?
  • Quick back and forth discussion does have tension
  • Floating dialog occurs toward the middle or end of a scene
    • Starting a scene with floating dialog creates the risk of an anticlimax
  • Mixing one character’s words and another character’s actions in one paragraph causes confusion.
    • “I hate you!” Debbie slammed the door.
    • In this example, Debbie says, “I hate you,” and slammed the door. The sentences would be misread if the intention was for someone to say, “I hate you,” and for Debbie to slam the door.
  • Dialog can be a pacing tool to break up long periods of text.
  • “As you know Bob”
    • Exposition disguised as dialog
    • Dune: “Is it not a magnificent thing that I, the Baron Vladimir Harkonnen, do?”
  • Said Bookism
    • Substitutes for said
  • Tom Swifty
    • Tom said swiftly.
  • Writer’s Digest series has a book on dialog
  • https://www.amazon.com/Self-Editing-Fiction-Writers-Yourself-Print/dp/0062720465/ref=sr_1_2?ie=UTF8&qid=1526840298&sr=8-2&keywords=self+editing+for+fiction+writers
  • Read dialog out loud to catch clunky things to say
  • Listen to dialog
    • Record it – lots of free software
    • Use speech to text
    • Have another person read it to you
  • The dialog in plays and short stories are different
    • In plays, it feels like you are allowed to have more ornamentation. Everyone can be clever and have zingers.
    • In novels and short stories, there is more of an attempt to be realistic. We try to capture the flavor of real life. You don’t have as much liberty to say witty, zingy things.
  • If all of the characters are witty, they start sounding like the same character. I think this was mentioned in  Writing Excuses 10.38 How Does Context Shape Dialog?
  • How do you make your characters sound different from each other? How do you give them a different voice?
    • Write a brief biography
    • Use register, the level of English a character speaks
    • One author writes characters as he imagines another author would write.
      • How would Earnest Hemingway write this character?
      • How would William Faulkner write this other character
  • Translation convention
    • The idea that in an alien world, they are speaking in another language, but the book has to be written in English.
    • You can create dialects or idioms to convey aliens
    • Example: Clockwork Orange
    • Too many idioms or injected dialect instances can exhaust readers.
  • Historical fiction grapples with historically accurate dialog sounding farsical
    • Example Deadwood, old swearing had to be upgraded because old fashioned
  • How do you keep dialogs with three people straight without everyone saying said?
    • Dialog tags
    • Voice
    • Juggle pairs of people, the third person can talk once in a while
  • Resource: Self-Editing for Fiction Writers: How to Edit Yourself into Print

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Query Workshop with Jennie Goloboy: Meeting Notes

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The notes below recap the Query Workshop with Jennie Goloboy.

Do not start the query letter with “Agent” or “Dear Agent”.  Use their name.

The goal of a query letter is to get the agent interested. You don’t need to tell them the whole story. The letter should be one page and generally four paragraphs.

Paragraph 1 Contents

  • The title
  • The genre
    • For query letters, you need to commit to a genre.
  • How long the novel is
    • There currently is not a market for 50,000 word novels in the adult science fiction and fantasy genre.
  • If you have met the agent before and they expressed interest in your book
    • Note: the meeting and expression of interest should be recent
  • If someone specifically recommended you to submit to the agent the query letter is for.

Comments from submitted query letters

  • You do not need to include that it is a novel. All query letters are for novels.
  • Several of the queries left out word count.
  • 70,000 words is the desired minimum length for the science fiction and fantasy genre.
  • One of the queries sounded like it could be fantasy or thriller. Try submitting to both to see which gets more traction.

Paragraph 2 Contents

  • Introduce your hero, what they want, and why they can’t get it.
  • Give a hint about the world
    • Sometimes this can’t be summed up in one paragraph with the extensive world building in fantasy and science fiction. Some lee way may be given here, but try to keep information concise and clear.
  • This summary should be more like back jacket copy. Give the tone of the book, but don’t be over the top.
  • Be clear.
    • The need for clarity was reiterated several times throughout the workshop.
    • The agent needs to understand the book you are trying to sell.
  • Some agents don’t like sassy tone that is often used as a back jacket hook.
    • Sass can get in the way of clarity.

Comments from submitted query letters

  • Several of the queries went into too much detail about book.
    • Don’t tell the whole story.
    • This shouldn’t have backstory.
    • Telling about the heroes hanging out doesn’t add value
  • Don’t go into too much detail about the protagonist
    • Introduce them, but provide detail about what they do, not just who they are.
  • Never say that a character is stereotypical
  • You need to illustrate what differentiates your character (and story) from the norm.
  • Comps (Comparisons to other novels)
    • Figure out what you are getting from your comps
    • They need to be recent works and relevant to your work
    • Comps are not required
  • Figure out if your novel is YA or adult with a young protagonist. Once you have decided, make sure your choice is clear in the query letter.
  • Stating if you have used an editor is fine.
    • The name itself isn’t of import. There are too many editors for name recognition.
  • Don’t explain the meaning of the story
    • If you’ve kept the query clear, agents should be able to figure that out from what you have written about the story.
  • Indicate how the protagonist protags.

Paragraph 3 Contents

  • Brief biography
  • Summary of credits
  • If no credits, what you’ve been doing to improve your craft
    • workshops
    • viable paradise
  • Interesting facts about yourself
  • Anything unusual in your background
  • Anything unusual in your background that relates to your book content
  • You don’t need to mention prior agent experience.
  • Mention if you are a member of SWFA.
    • SWFA is more focused on good short stories. Membership is helpful, but not a deal maker.
  • Do not mention that you have been writing since you were young
    • A lot of people fall into that category

Comments from submitted query letters

  • If you self-published, did you sell a lot?
  • If you have a website or twitter, include it in the bio.
  • Don’t reference Sam’s Dot as experience

Paragraph 4 Contents

  • Detail what you are sending in what format
  • As requested, I have sent you this… in this format …
  • Use readable fonts in the email

How can you find agents?

  • Query Tracker an agent repository website
  • Agents often have twitter accounts with their MSWL
    • Manuscript wishlist
  • Query a small batch at a time.
    • If you query no more than ten at a time, you can potentially diagnose your query letter.
  • Publishers marketplaceHas a $20/month subscription fee
    • Potentially use tactically when you have something ready to sell instead of keeping subscription full-time
  • Locus
    • science fiction/fantasy only

Pitching versus querying

  • Don’t memorize the whole thing.
  • Don’t run through it at break neck speed.
  • Think about it as a chat.
  • Pitching at conference may not result in a pickup, but you can get feedback about potential improvements to make for your novel.
  • Conferences with agent pitches
    • Minnesota writers workshop
    • The Loft
      • They trend more to more Young Adult agents currently

What we learned about Jennie’s preferences and practices

  • She tries to be pretty quick if she knows the answer is going to be no.
  • She will request the first three chapters if the query letter intrigued her.
  • If interested after the first three chapters, she’ll request the full novel.
  • She doesn’t personally like pirates because of all the time on the boat.
  • Self-professed as not a good YA editor.
  • She doesn’t like synopsis as part of a query letter

Odds and Ends from Q&A

  • If you are writing fiction, the book has to be finished when you query it.
  • The fact that agents don’t request whole manuscripts may be a holdover from the days of paper manuscripts. However, the query letter system is still beneficial to the author.
    • The benefit is that you will find out more quickly if the interest is not there.
    • Query letters have a quicker turn around than novels because they take less time to read.
  • Hard science fiction is in short supply.
  • Roman or Tolkien influences don’t stand out as different currently
  • Military science fiction is in demand, if there is soul to it, especially if you have a military background.
  • Paranormal romance isn’t purchased by publishers as much as it used to be because there is so much of it.
    • Illustrate how your story is different from the norm.
  • Whether or not to send a synopsis varies by agent preference.
  • Write down how you are going to market the book before it gets published because you will forget.
  • It’s uncommon for authors to make a career from short stories.
  • It’s okay to query different novels to agents that have rejected previous novels.
    • Sometimes one novel isn’t a match, but another one might be.
    • Jennie picked up the forth novel one author queried to her.
  • Cons are potential places to meet agents. A lot go to World Fantasy, WorldCon, Convergence, and the nebulas
  • The premise from Kings of the Wild if mercenary bands were rock bands seems entertaining
  • Agents expect simultaneous submissions.
  • Romance has a HEA pledge – Must end happily ever after

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